GS Paper 1:

History and Culture:

Discuss the impact of the Bhakti and Sufi movements on medieval Indian society and culture, highlighting the key personalities and their contributions. (150 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/research/sant-ravidas-temple-foundation-stone- narendra-modi-bhakti-movement-sufism-mughals-8900211/

GS Paper 1:

Geography:

Examine the factors influencing the distribution and characteristics of major vegetation types in India. How does vegetation play a crucial role in the ecological balance of the subcontinent? (150 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-climate/earth-planetary- boundaries-breached-expert-explains-8953339/

GS Paper 2:

Polity:

Critically analyze the role of the Election Commission of India in upholding the principles of free and fair elections. What reforms would you propose to strengthen the electoral process in the country? (150 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/ec-removes-three-observers-for-misconduct- 9022305/

GS Paper 2:

International Relations:

Evaluate India’s approach to climate change diplomacy, considering its international commitments, domestic challenges, and the role of renewable energy in mitigating climate change. (250 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/india-africa-and-climate-diplomacy-

7188554/#:~:text=India’s%20climate%20diplomacy%20through%20the,the%20core%20of

%20its%20operations.&text=Over%20the%20past%20few%20weeks,collaboratively%20to

%20address%20climate%20change.

GS Paper 3:

Economy:

Discuss the potential impact of emerging technologies, such as blockchain and artificial intelligence, on the Indian economy. How can the government foster innovation while addressing associated challenges? (250 words)

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/agents-uniform-motivational-speeches-lavish- parties-himachal-crypto-con-9020202/